Archive for the ‘Publishing’ Category

Evaluating Digital Scholarship [PMLA]

Tuesday, December 13th, 2011

About Aaron McCollough

English Literature Librarian, University of Michigan

All of us are faced with new questions about collections in the massively-networked digital age. The Modern Language Association has commissioned a special batch of articles on the subject of “Evaluating Digital Scholarship,” which is freely accessible on the PMLA site.

 

Susan Schreibman, the editor of the section, has this to say:

The series is introduced by Susan Schreibman, Laura Mandell, and Stephen Olsen, with contributions by  Steve Anderson and Tara McPherson (‘Engaging Digital Scholarship: Thoughts on Evaluating Multimedia Scholarship’), Geoffrey Rockwell  (‘Engaging Digital Scholarship: Thoughts on Evaluating Multimedia Scholarship’), Bethany Nowviskie (‘Where Credit Is Due: Preconditions for the Evaluation of Collaborative Digital Scholarship’), Jerome McGann (‘On Creating a Usable Future’), and Katheleen Fitzpatrick (‘Peer Review, Judgment, and Reading’).

These articles provide an important intervention as digital scholarship and digital scholarly methods and practices are becoming more mainstreamed into traditional academic work

For the most part, these pieces are not directly addressed to the questions and concerns of library collections, but the entire conversation is highly relevant for us, and I hope we might begin some conversation here regarding that relevance.

 

 

The Critical Librarian / The Scholar Librarian / Other library literary critical approaches?

Thursday, June 23rd, 2011

About Aaron McCollough

English Literature Librarian, University of Michigan

With this post, I want to do one thing, and I want to avoid doing another thing.

 

–I want to ask for feedback about the scholarly practices of librarians with subject expertise in English Literature.

 

–I do not want to get tied up in the PhD v. MLS debate sparked by Jeff Trzeciak’s April talk on the Future of Academic Librarianship. I know there are merits to talking about the differences between these degrees, but there is plenty of discussion taking place elsewhere on the subject.

 

So, with that out of the way…

 

*It has occurred to me lately that many English Literature specialists publish scholarly articles all the time, but I’m not sure how many publish scholarly articles that pertain to (or amount to) English Literary criticism. My first question, then, would be: what amount of our scholarly output as professionals might fall in this domain? I’d love to hear from people who are doing work they consider literary critical, and I’d love to hear about people you know of who are doing this kind of work. I’d also like to hear from those who don’t do it, of course, but (as I said above) I’m not particularly interested in rehearsing a debate about educational backgrounds; there’s no reason to assume that a subject-based critical practice would be arrogated to the PhD-holders.

 

*My second, related, question is: are there (could there be) meaningful differences in the way librarians do literary critical work? That is to say, might librarians be bringing something unique to the table here, and if they are, how would we describe that uniqueness?

 

*My third, and final, question depends on the first two. If there isn’t interest in those, then the answer to this one is obviously just, “no.” Might it make sense to start a peer-reviewed academic journal (probably open-access / online) that focuses specifically on the critical scholarship of subject specialist librarians? I’m probably imagining a “humanities” scope rather than the narrower “literature” scope, but you see where I’m going with this…

Small Press Publications

Monday, May 16th, 2011

About Aaron McCollough

English Literature Librarian, University of Michigan

It’s fairly redundant to say we are often faced with tough choices in our collections duties, but small press publications present special challenges. New production methods (especially print-on-demand technologies), combined with trade presses’ shrinking interest in literary publications (and their low profitability margins), has led to a small press boom in recent years.

It can be hard for librarians to keep up and hard, too, to sort the wheat from the chaff.

I’ve just come across a nice website that might be of use (at least as part of our selection toolbox). It’s called Hey Small Press!, and it’s designed by Public Library employees for the purpose of getting good small press publication into the stacks. The Public Library focus seems more circumstantial than essential to me, and I plan to use it to help inform my small press buying.

Do you have other recommendations for this kind of selection tool?

 

Teaching Literary Research, Chapter 1: Information Literacy as Situated Literacy

Monday, October 26th, 2009

About Timothy Hackman

Librarian for English & Linguistics, University of Maryland Libraries. Member of LES since 2006.

[This is the first post in a series of chapter-by-chapter discussions of the book 'Teaching Literary Research: Challenges in a Changing Environment,' edited by Kathleen Johnson and Steven Harris. ACRL Publications in Librarianship #60, 2009.]

So I’ve finished about half of the book and, despite taking some Teaching Literary Researchslack for posting it in my “Currently Reading” queue on Facebook, I am enjoying it so far. I particularly appreciate the perspectives of literature and rhet/comp faculty members on reshaping the way we teach literary research for a new generation of students.

Van Hillard, the director of the College Writing Program at Davidson College, begins the first chapter by discussing the ACRL Information Literacy Standards, which he finds to be useful guidelines but also problematic in several ways. First, they are “autonomous,” i.e., they are independent of any context for their use. Instead he argues for a “situated” view of information literacy, one in which “literate practices shape and are shaped by social, cultural, political and economic forces such that literacy events–a particular search for information, a specific occasion for composing an argument, a certain classification of a tradition of inquiry, the cataloguing of a monograph, the use and definition of a key term in writing–are understood as context-specific within the universe of social activities of knowledge production and reproduction.” Another problem comes with the very term “information literacy” itself:  while it is clear that librarians think in terms of “locating information,” those who teach and practice academic writing think in terms of evidence, analysis and argument, which “are typically not understood as predominantly informational in nature.” (13)

More to the point, Hillard sees in ACRL’s standards a set of skills the student is expected to acquire for the purpose of becoming a fully independent researcher. They stress efficiency in finding information, not critical skill at evaluating or incorporating it into the body of one’s argument, thus ignoring the fact that literacy is both social and “situated” in nature. By “situated information literacy,” Hillard means literacy that is made up of “events,” specific interactions between a user and the research tools designed to answer a specific question at a specific point in time. It is not a context-free skill, but one that is very much determined by the social/political/cultural context in which the researcher’s question is asked and answered. The context determines how and what information is created, acquired, organized and accessed; it is therefore impossible to ignore and offers opportunities for inquiry. Likewise, literacy is social because of those interactions, not just between the researcher and the text, but between the researcher and his fellow researchers (past, present and future), librarians, etc. who are also a part of the process. I found his description of the library as a social sphere especially inspiring:

“One starting place for such recovery comes with thinking of the library not as some vast storehouse of data, but rather as an elaborate argument, a site where users activate and reactivate conversations and disagreements across space and time… Every time a student enters the library (physically or virtually) she, in effect, involves herself in a vast community of participants whose exchanges represent traditions of inquiry, public controversies, disciplinary disputes, and schools of thought.” (16)

It’s a beautiful depiction of humanities research, in which the researcher joins a conversation that is already in progress. (Later in the book, Kate Koppelman’s chapter on “Literary Eavesdropping and the Socially Graceful Critic” elaborates on (and points out additional difficulties with) this same idea, but I’ll wait to discuss that.) Hillard’s point is that librarians and faculty should work together to “treat research not simply as contact with information, but as participation within the professional culture we call the library” (19). He concludes by giving some general suggestions for how this can be accomplished, but admits that “This is a project that undoubtedly will require time, energy, and resources.” The questions he asks about information literacy and the research culture have no easy answers, but I’m glad that someone is asking them.

Author Conversation… R. Neil Scott

Wednesday, September 16th, 2009

About Timothy Hackman

Librarian for English & Linguistics, University of Maryland Libraries. Member of LES since 2006.

This month, our author series continues with R. Neil Scott, Professor and User Services Librarian at Middle Tennessee State University in Murfreesboro, TN. In addition to his most recent book, Neil is the author of two additional books:  Postmarked Milledgeville: Flannery O’Connor’s Correspondence in Archives and Library Collections, and Flannery O’Connor: An Annotated Reference Guide to Criticism. He is also the founder of Timberlane Books, an independent publishing house that “strive[s] to publish award-winning books that advance knowledge and learning for present and future generations of scholars and readers.”

What is your most recent publication?Flannery O’Connor: The Contemporary Reviews

I compiled and co-edited, with Irwin Streight, Ph.D., Flannery O’Connor: The Contemporary Reviews. It was published this past June by Cambridge University Press.

How did you decide to write this title?

I stumbled upon some of the author-specific volumes of Cambridge University Press’ American Critical Archives Series and realized that, because I had already researched and identified all the reviews of O’Connor’s books for my previous book, Flannery O’Connor: An Annotated Reference Guide to Criticism (Timberlane, 2002),  it would probably be fairly easy to type, edit and proofread the reviews for an O’Connor volume.

I then sent a detailed proposal/query letter to the series editor, Dr. M. Thomas Inge at Randolph-Macon College, and was pleased when he responded that he was enthusiastic about including a volume on O’Connor in the series. Then, after some back-and-forth correspondence regarding style, length of the proposed manuscript and royalty rates, he recommended the title to Cambridge University Press. I was then issued a contract and was soon writing another book.

Please talk about the research and writing process.

Unfortunately, once I began work on Flannery O’Connor: The Contemporary Reviews, I found that, while I enjoyed editing and typing the reviews, I had seriously underestimated the time it would take to identify and acquire the necessary permissions to include them. Time passed–one year, then two–and I began to sense that the project was “pulling me under.” It was difficult to do the scholarly work necessary to type and edit the reviews while trying to correspond with hundreds of copyright holders.

I turned to my friend and fellow O’Connor scholar, Dr. Irwin Streight at the Royal Military College (Canada), and asked him to join me as a co-author. Thankfully, he agreed, and immediately started editing and writing the Introduction. Meanwhile, I gritted my teeth and turned my attention to acquiring the remaining more difficult copyright permissions, one-by-one. Indeed, I was negotiating back-and-forth with the New York Times and other corporate rights holders right up to the day we returned the marked-up final version for printing.

The book was a good idea and is a valued contribution to O’Connor scholarship, but it was a tough, arduous journey to see it through to completion. What saved the project was the fact that Streight agreed to join me, did more than his fair share of writing and editing, and we both were able to tap into faculty research funds at our respective institutions to pay for the permission fees.

What did you like most about the process/project?

I enjoy the sense of purpose that each writing project gives me. While I was writing my first book, Flannery O’Connor: An Annotated Reference Guide to Criticism, I was serving as Coordinator of Public Services, then Associate Director for Library Operations at Georgia College & State University. My days were filled with a lot of personnel-related decision-making, dealing with budgets and customer-service related issues, “putting out fires,” attending committee and other meetings, writing reports, and – if it were a good day – some public services librarianship.

In contrast, my O’Connor-related reading and writing was a purposeful, peaceful and meaningful activity. And, because I often dealt with scholars working with O’Connor’s manuscripts, I knew, intimately, what the scholarly trends were, what was being written for theses, dissertations, articles and books in progress, and was able to use this knowledge to develop an intuitive feel for the essence of the criticism that I was reading and summarizing for that book.

Unfortunately, with this more recent volume, even though I am in a more enjoyable position as a Professor and User Services Librarian at a mid-sized state university (25,000 students), the clerical effort required to acquire permission to reprint the reviews detracted from the writing and editing, and this book wasn’t nearly as enjoyable as my previous scholarly projects.

What did you like least about the process/project?

I’ve found that – to do a good job on a literary project – it’s hard to estimate when you can actually complete it. So, while going back and forth in my negotiations with scores of copyright holders I missed the first couple of agreed-upon deadlines. These situations were not well-received by the production editor at Cambridge, but I was adamant. I refused to give up and leave some of the reviews out. It became a bit stressful for all concerned, but in the end I managed to include every single review we had identified and Cambridge published a truly excellent volume.

What suggestions do you have for other LES members who are interested in publishing a book?

Get in the habit of writing – book reviews, articles, blog entries, pathfinders, whatever – just write. Then, browse your library’s “new books” cart to get a good feel for what’s being published. Try to identify a series that may have a niche that matches your own interests and/or a literary collection in your library or community. (For example, the Cambridge Introductions to Literature Series, the Scarecrow Press’ Literary Research Series, and other such series offer excellent opportunities for publication.)

Once you identify a need that attracts your interest, send the series editor a well-written, enthusiastic query letter. Introduce yourself and impress him/her with your desire, knowledge and qualifications. If you haven’t made a record for yourself yet, just seek out someone who has and “pitch them” on the project. You’re likely to find them happy to join you as a principal or coauthor.

Why are research and publication important to you?

Besides the obvious requirement to conduct research and publish to meet promotion and tenure criteria, I’ve found that I enjoy the idea of contributing something meaningful to the scholarly community and to those who will come after us.

I feel a satisfying sense of accomplishment to know that my books are now part of the written record of my generation; that individuals, as yet unborn, will be using them to better understand the life and writings of Flannery O’Connor and her world.

Author Conversation…Laura Taddeo

Friday, July 3rd, 2009

What is your most recent publication?

A chapter in the book Teaching Literary Research: Challenges in a Changing Environment, ACRL Publications in Librarianship #60.   Co-written with Austin Booth, the chapter is entitled The Changing Nature of the Book: Literary Research, Cultural Studies, and the Digital Age.

How did you decide to write it?

The editors, Kathleen Johnson and Steven Harris, put out a call to the LES List asking for proposals from librarians interested in contributing to a publication about the challenges of teaching literary research in the twenty-first century.  At the time, our University libraries were going through many administrative and staffing changes.  My supervisor, the Director of Collections (who also had been the Literature liaison prior to me) was interested in writing about the way collections and reference was evolving.  Digital resources were becoming the main focus of our bibliographic instruction. As we reflected upon past teaching experiences and collaborations with faculty, we agreed that cultural studies had a tremendous influence on the English curriculum at the University at Buffalo and heavily influenced what we incorporated into our library workshops.  We assumed other librarians and faculty might be interested in some of our practical approaches.

What was the process that you went through?

We first had to write a proposal for a chapter.  Once we found out the chapter idea was accepted, the editors sent us guidelines to follow, including deadlines, format, style manuals, content/length, copyright permissions. We were instructed to model the chapter on the previous book sponsored by LES, Literature in English: A Guide for Librarians in the Digital Age (ACRL Publications in Librarianship #54). The book’s audience is meant for both academic librarians and English (or Modern Languages) Department faculty members.  Authors were instructed to explain any discipline-specific terminology in order to make their meaning clear to non-specialist readers and to avoid library jargon.

While Austin and I did some research to form the proposal, a lot more research and outlines followed before we came up with our first draft.  We had taught many literature-based information literacy classes and wanted to put together practical tips for literature librarians, while also providing some sort “conversation” about the changing nature of the book, and the influence of cultural studies on the English curriculum.  The chapter went through several editing stages before it actually was ready for publication. The first round of changes was the most difficult because we were told to shorten some sections, expand others, or provide more unique teaching examples.

Talk a bit about the publication.

The emergence of cultural studies as a theoretical framework for literary studies and the wealth of digital technologies available to humanities scholars has certainly changed how students and faculty teach and do research.  Alternative research methods include examining the production, distribution and consumption of literary texts in their sociohistorical contexts; studying canon formation and genre definition; and examining a wider array of material, including popular texts and non-written material such as film and hypertext productions. Our  chapter describes approaches to teaching literary research that explore the significance of cultural studies as well as the relationships among cultural studies, digital texts and information literacy standards.  We provide descriptions of classes and assignments that we used for English undergraduate and graduate students at UB.

What did you like most about the process/project?

The best part was that we were forced to re-evaluate some of our past teaching practices.  While most of our classes tend to benefit both the students and faculty, there is always room for improvement. Writing about class assignments or collaborations among faculty gave us more ideas for future projects. We also identified new ways librarians can incorporate the basic philosophy of the ACRL’s “Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education” into the English curriculum.

What did you like least?

Editing my own work was very difficult.  The editors made some very good comments about certain things that needed to be changed or revised.  Even constructive criticism is hard to acknowledge at first.  I thought it would be difficult co-writing a chapter, but it was actually a valuable experience.  I learned a lot from my writing partner, who had more experience working with our English faculty and also more knowledge about the history of cultural studies.  It also made the editing process less painful because we had one another to bounce ideas off of and we could proof each other’s work. Waiting for the final product to finally come out was a little frustrating because it took a few years for the actual book to be published.  However, most academic publications tend to go through a long publication process.

What suggestions would you have for LES members who would like to become involved in research and publication?

Most of my publications have come from calls for papers distributed through listservs.  Staying abreast of what topics are “hot” is very important.  Also, write about something you like to do-it makes the writing so much easier.  And if you have a co-author, make sure you know the author’s writing style and work ethic. You don’t want to have to do drastic editing to make the paper read smoothly. And you also do not want to carry all the weight.  Each writer should have an equal amount of work to contribute to the piece. I began writing book reviews for a journal that one of my colleagues edited.  That’s a good way to get into the writing mode and start to understand the publication process. You should look at a publication’s turn-around time if submitting to a scholarly journal.  Most people writing are on a tenure-track and need to publish to receive a promotion, so timing is important. And always understand the copyright provisions.  Authors should consider alternatives to the traditional modes of scholarly publication such as open-access journals.

Why is something like this important to you?

I always liked research and writing and being around books, so becoming a librarian seemed a natural fit.  Having an academic position is demanding in the sense that I am expected to teach, publish, do reference and collection development work as well join numerous university committees.   Finding time to write has become a top priority for me. Just knowing that the final product will be a contribution to the scholarship of the library field is both professionally and personally rewarding.

Laura Taddeo, Humanities Librarian, University at Buffalo

Author Conversation…Angela Courtney

Thursday, June 19th, 2008

What is your most recent publication?

The book is titled Literary Research and the Era of American Nationalism and Romanticism, part of the Scarecrow Press Literary Research Series. It was published in December of 2007.

Literary Research and the Era of American Nationalism and Romanticism

How did you decide to write it?

For this series, there was a post to the LES list looking for people who were interested in working on the books. I responded for more information on the series. After looking at the first book in the series and corresponding with the editors, I decided to throw my name in for consideration.

What was the process that you went through?

For this book, I had to write a short proposal that summarized the anticipated content and organizational scheme of the book. I then had to submit a chapter outline that included representative examples of the types of resources that would be covered in each chapter. Once those submissions were approved, I received a contract, read it, signed it, and returned it to the publisher. Then, I started working on the book.

I had to do a lot of research before writing the book, and I was surprised at how much I learned during this process. It was fun to explore older resources that I sometimes tend to overlook in my own research and reference interactions. There are many useful and interesting bibliographies that were compiled decades ago. These types of resources allow researchers to uncover information about authors and works that may have faded in scholarly appeal over the years.

I followed the pattern established by Jenny Bowers and Peggy Keeran in their volume. They did an excellent job of speaking eloquently yet clearly to a wide variety of potential users. I tried to create a readable narrative that would connect the annotations in a logical and readable manner. Anyone who has ever created a pathfinder or research guide for a class can understand the challenge in writing annotations that don’t all sound the same. I forcibly expanded my vocabulary in order to more efficiently vary the discussion of resources.

Talk a bit about the publication.

The book and the series as a whole represent a much needed tool in literary research. The book is designed to be read as a cohesive whole, but it can also be read in parts. If someone only needs information of microform collections, for example, he or she can go to that one chapter for help.

My book deals with the literary output of the United States from nationhood to the threshold of the Civil War. Because literary scholarship increasingly expands its purview into cultural and historical studies, this book includes many resources that reach beyond traditional literary research tools—borrowing liberally from the standard tools belonging to other areas of scholarship.

What did you like most about the process/project?

I really felt that I was learning a great deal as I researched this book. As a result, I felt pretty confident in believing that the book would be a strong addition to the milieu of literary research.

What did you like least?

I never like to read my own work. Receiving the galleys was very exciting…having to read over 200 pages of my prose was a daunting task.

What suggestions would you have for LES members who would like to become involved in research and publication?

There is a great list of calls for papers on the University of Pennsylvania English Department’s web page at: http://cfp.english.upenn.edu/. I’ve ended up at many conferences after submitting papers to calls on this list. I’ve also written some encyclopedia articles for calls on this list. It was once am email service, but now you actually have to go to the page and look through the list. It’s also an archive, so you have to remember to check the dates for calls.

Why is something like this important to you?

I like research and writing, and I’m lucky to be at a university that supports those activities for its librarians. I like the sense that I am contributing to both literary research and to librarianship.

Conversations with LES Authors

Wednesday, June 18th, 2008

About Timothy Hackman

Librarian for English & Linguistics, University of Maryland Libraries. Member of LES since 2006.

The Publications Committee is happy to announce a new feature on the LES Blog: Conversations with LES Authors.

By featuring these authors and their publications, we hope not only to bring attention to these informative works of scholarship, but also to help encourage others who may be interested in publishing to seek out opportunities and to learn from the experiences, successes, and mistakes of other section members.

Authors will start the conversation with a brief introduction to themselves and their work.  Afterward, members are encouraged to post comments and questions for the author by using the “comments” feature of the blog.  The authors will check back weekly and respond.

Our first author will be Angela Courtney. Angela is the Bibliographer for English Literatures, Film, Theatre, and Philosophy at Indiana University, Bloomington.  Before moving to Indiana, she was a senior reference librarian and the university archivist at Fairfield University.  Her career in libraries started at Auburn University in 1996 where she was the librarian for English literature.

Check back soon for our conversation with Angela.